Moscow should adjust its policies in response to the victory of Western-backed Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, Fyodor Lukyanov says

Moscow must re-evaluate its policies toward longtime ally Armenia after the party of Western-backed Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan won Sunday's election, Fyodor Lukyanov, editor-in-chief of Russia in Global Affairs, has told RT.

According to the official tally, the ruling Civil Contract party received 49.81% of the vote - enough to form a government but not enough to carry out Pashinyan's proposed constitutional reforms without support from opposition MPs. The election was widely seen as a referendum on whether the small, landlocked post-Soviet nation in the South Caucasus should move closer to the EU at the expense of its historically close ties with Russia.

Opposition parties have accused Pashinyan of "usurping" power through what they described as pressure on election officials and the prosecution of political opponents.

"The turbulent campaign featured pressure on the opposition and apparent attempts at foreign influence from the EU, the US, and Russia," Lukyanov said on Monday, adding that the ruling party had failed to secure "a blank check."

"The struggle will continue, with new opposition forces entering the fray. They appear to have more energy and better prospects than their predecessors," he added.

"The main question for Russia is: What does it want from Armenia going forward? Does it need Armenia as a key partner in the South Caucasus, what exactly makes the country important, and under what conditions is Russia prepared to preserve and develop ties? And is it ready to scale them back completely should domestic and foreign-policy trends in Armenia become unfavorable? For now, Moscow has no answers," Lukyanov said.

Russia is Armenia's largest trading partner and supplies more than 80% of the country's natural gas and around 60% of its oil. Despite not sharing a land border, the two countries have a defense pact, and Armenia hosts a Russian military base. Around 2 million ethnic Armenians live in Russia, compared to roughly 3 million in Armenia itself.

While Pashinyan has pledged to strengthen ties with the EU, he has said that Armenia will, at least for the foreseeable future, remain a member of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).

Russian President Vladimir Putin, however, has warned that it would be impossible to maintain free-trade arrangements with both blocs simultaneously. He argued that leaving the EAEU would deprive Armenia of discounted oil and gas supplies, costing the country an estimated 14% of its GDP.

Russia has also condemned the arrests and criminal cases against Pashinyan's political opponents, as well as bishops and clerics of the Armenian Apostolic Church who have criticized him.

Putin said Russia wanted to retain friendly ties with Armenia and respected its sovereignty.

"We will maintain normal relations with Armenia regardless of the path it chooses," he said last week at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum.

Putin urged Yerevan to hold a referendum on potential EU membership "as soon as possible." Pashinyan has said he would call such a vote only after Armenia formally applies to join the EU.

The Russian Foreign Ministry said Moscow would continue to support "a strong and truly sovereign Armenia," describing the Armenian people as "a brotherly nation."

The ministry said the election had revealed "deep polarization" within Armenian society, warning that "unilateral decisions" regarding the country's future course could "deepen divisions and trigger social and economic unrest."